Form of Passive Voice
Simple Present, Past Simple, Present Perfect, Simple Future
A. Basic Form Passive Voice
Subject (S) + Be + Past Participle
- learnenglish.britishcouncil.org describes that we often use the passive:
- when we prefer not to mention who or what does the action (for example, it's not known, it's obvious or we don't want to say)
- so that we can start a sentence with the most important or most logical information in more formal or scientific writing.
perfect-english-grammar.com tells us how to use Passive Voice:
An active sentence like,
I drank two cups of coffee
has the subject first (the person or thing that does the verb), followed by the verb, and finally the object (the person or thing that the action happens to).
So, in this example, the subject is 'I', the verb is 'drank' and the object is 'two cups of coffee'.
But, we don't always need to make sentences this way.
We might want to put the object first, or perhaps we don't want to say who did something.
This can happen for lots of reasons. In this case, we can use a passive, which puts the object first:
Two cups of coffee were drunk
(we can add 'by me' if we want, but it isn't necessary).
Past Participle means in Indonesia di… /ter…
Infinitive: Eat: Makan
Past Simple: Ate: Makan
Past Participle: Eaten: Dimakan
B. Simple Present
1. Active Form: S + Verb Present + O
2. Passive Form: S + is / are + Past Participle + Object
- Is for Singular Subject
Is: He, she, it, cat, Rudi, Angel
-Are for Plural Subject
Are: they, we, you, I (exception), Angel and Rudi, Cats
3. Past Participle
In Indonesia, commonly called as V3.
- Drive
Infinitive: drive
Past Simple: drove
Past Participle: driven
- Create
Infinitive: Create
Past Simple: Created
Past Participle: Created
4. Example:
Active Sentence: God creates the heaven and the earth.
Verb Present Singular: creates
Verb Present Plural: Create
a. God: Subject
b. Create: Verb
c. The heaven and the earth: Object
Active Sentence: God creates the heaven and the earth.
a. God: Subject
b. Create: Verb
c. The heaven and the earth
Passive Sentence: The heaven and the earth are created by God.
a. The heaven and the earth: Subject.
b. Are: Be
c. Created: Past Participle
d. by God: Agent
C. Simple Past
1. Active Form: S + Verb Past + O
2. Passive Form: S + was / were + Past Participle + Object
- was for Singular Subject
Is: He, she, it, cat, Rudi, Angel, I
- were for Plural Subject
were: they, we, you, Angel and Rudi, Cats
3. Past Participle
In Indonesia, commonly called as V3.
- write
Infinitive: write
Past Simple: wrote
Past Participle: written
- Assassinate
Infinitive: Assassinate
Past Simple: Assassinated
Past Participle: Assassinated
4. Example:
Active Sentence: Angela Davis wrote book.
Verb Past: wrote
Verb Past = Past Simple
a. Angela Davis: Subject
b. Wrote: Verb Past
c. book: Object
.
Active Sentence: Angela Davis wrote book.
Passive Sentence: The book was written by Angela Davis.
a. The book: Subject.
b. was: Be
c. written: Past Participle
d. Angela Davis: Agent
D. Present Perfect
1. Active Form: S + has / have + past participle + O
Has / Have + past participle: Sudah me.. / ber…
2. Passive Form: S + has/have been + Past Participle + Object
- Has for Singular Subject
Has: He, she, it, cat, Rudi, Angel
- Have for Plural Subject
Have: they, we, you, I (exception), Angel and Rudi, Cats
3. Past Participle
In Indonesia, commonly called as V3.
- Build
Infinitive: Build
Past Simple: Built
Past Participle: Built
- Helped
Infinitive: Help
Past Simple: Helped
Past Participle: Helped
4. Example:
Active Sentence: Agung has built a house.
a. Agung: Subject
b. Has: verb
C. built: Past Participle
c. a house: Object
.
Active Sentence: Agung has built a house.
Passive Sentence: A house has been built by Agung
a. Agung: A house
b. Has been: verb
C. built: Past Participle
c. Agung: Agent
E. Simple Future
1. Active Form: S + Will + Infinitive + O
2. Passive Form: S + will be + Past Participle + Object
Will: for all kinds subject
Will: He, she, it, cat, Rudi, Angel, they, we, you, I (exception), Angel and Rudi, Cats
3. Past Participle
In Indonesia, commonly called as V3.
- Finish
Infinitive: Finish
Past Simple: Finished
Past Participle: Finished
- Put
Infinitive: Put
Past Simple: Put
Past Participle: Put
4. Example:
Active Sentence: Lala will finish the home work.
a. Lala: Subject
b. Will: verb
C. Finish: Infinitive
c. The Home Work: Object
.
Active Sentence: Lala will finish the home work.
Passive Sentence: The home work will be finished by Lala.
a. The homework: Subject.
b. Will Be: Verb
c. Finished: Past Participle
d. By Lala: Agent
Sources:
https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/grammar/intermediate-to-upper-intermediate/passives
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/grammar/passive.htm
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/passive.html
www.merriam-webster.com
